PSEB SOLUTION “SOME GLIMPLSES OF ANCIENT INDIAN THOUGHTS AND PRACTICE” CLASS 10TH ENGLISH

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PSEB SOLUTION “SOME GLIMPLSES OF ANCIENT INDIAN THOUGHTS AND PRACTICE” CLASS 10TH ENGLISH

Comprehension Questions and Answers

1. What caused desperation to the gods?
The gods were losing in a fight against the demons, which caused them desperation.

2. Who did the gods go to in desperation?
In their desperation, the gods went to Lord Vishnu for help.

3. What did the Lord advise them?
Lord Vishnu advised them to make a powerful sword.

4. What was the sacrifice of saint Dadhichi?
Saint Dadhichi sacrificed his life to help the gods defeat the demons.

5. What is the real spirit behind the yajnas performed in our homes?
The real spirit behind yajnas is the belief that “This does not belong to me,” emphasizing selflessness and sacrifice.

6. What does the tradition of feeding birds and animals prove?
This tradition proves that Indians believe in the unity of life in all forms.

7. Why did some scholars laugh at Ashtavakra?
Ashtavakra had a deformed body and looked very unusual, which made some scholars laugh at him.

8. How did Ashtavakra react?
Ashtavakra became very angry at their mockery.

9. What did Vivekananda say to the lady who laughed at his simple dress?
Vivekananda responded by saying that a man’s character makes him great, not his clothes.

10. What was the status of women in ancient India?
In ancient India, women held a high status and were often worshipped as goddesses.

11. Why did Shivaji bow his head before the woman who was brought to him as a gift?
Shivaji bowed his head to restore the woman’s honor and respect, showing his reverence for women.

12. Why, according to you, were the wars fought in the Mahabharata and Ramayana sacred?
The wars in the Mahabharata and Ramayana were sacred because they were fought to protect the dignity and respect of women.

13. What does Lord Rama’s meeting with a Bheel woman and eating the tasted berries show?
This incident shows that ancient India did not discriminate based on caste, creed, or profession.

Long Answer Questions (50 Words Each)

1. Why should people who believe in female foeticide be ashamed?

According to the author, those who support female foeticide should feel ashamed because women were highly respected in ancient India—worshipped as goddesses. Shivaji honored women, and epic wars like the Ramayana and Mahabharata were fought to protect their dignity.

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2. How does the author support the idea of good triumphing over evil?

When gods were losing to demons, they sought Lord Vishnu’s help. He advised them to create a powerful sword. Saint Dadhichi sacrificed his life to provide his bones for the weapon, ensuring the victory of good over evil.

3. What is the difference between the status of women in ancient times and now?

In ancient India, women were worshipped as goddesses, and wars were fought for their honor. Today, women struggle for respect and equality, showing a decline in their societal status compared to ancient times.

4. What does the practice of ‘langar’ signify?

‘Langar’ symbolizes equality, teaching that we should share food with others before eating ourselves. This principle extends beyond food—resources and wealth should also be shared equally in society.

5. Give an example proving no caste discrimination in ancient India.

Ancient India upheld equality, as seen when Lord Rama accepted and ate berries offered by a Bheel woman, proving there was no caste-based discrimination.

Vocabulary Exercises with Answers

Exercise 1: Pick the Odd Word (Non-Synonym)

  1. demon: devil, angel, fiend, imp (Angel is the opposite of a demon.)
  2. sage: intellectual, mystic, spirit, guru (Spirit is not a direct synonym for a sage.)
  3. victory: defeat, conquest, triumph, win (Defeat is the opposite of victory.)
  4. faith: confidence, trust, belief, perception (Perception is unrelated to faith.)
  5. auspicious: holy, important, promising, impure (Impure is negative, while auspicious means favorable.)
  6. sacred: blessed, secular, holy, revered (Secular means non-religious, the opposite of sacred.)

Exercise 2: Add Prefixes to Form Antonyms

  1. easy → uneasy
  2. available → unavailable
  3. respect → disrespect
  4. justice → injustice
  5. wise → unwise
  6. auspicious → inauspicious
  7. proper → improper
  8. separable → inseparable
  9. equal → unequal
  10. guide → misguide (Note: “Unguide” is not a standard word; “misguide” is more appropriate.)
  11. honour → dishonour
  12. sufficient → insufficient

Grammar and Punctuation Exercises with Answers

Exercise 3: Commas vs. Semicolons

Choose the correct punctuation mark (comma or semicolon) for each sentence:

  1. Satish has given up smoking about five times, but he cannot break the habit. (Comma for compound sentence with “but”)
  2. Our dog seems to have a built-in alarm clock; he wakes us up at exactly the same time every morning. (Semicolon for closely related independent clauses)
  3. The passengers on the plane were alarmed, but the pilot and the crew kept their calm. (Comma for contrast with “but”)
  4. I realized at once that something was wrong; I was not, however, the only person who was concerned. (Semicolon for related clauses with a transitional word)
  5. I had to complete the assignment by Sunday; otherwise, I would have failed the course. (Semicolon before “otherwise”)
  6. Ram decided to be a doctor, but he changed his mind after he heard of the fees of the medical college. (Comma for contrast with “but”)
  7. I finished reading Freedom At Midnight, and then I went to bed. (Comma before coordinating conjunction “and”)
  8. The air was beautifully clear; it was a lovely day. (Semicolon for closely related independent clauses)

Grammar Exercise 1: Modals (Might, Should, Must)

Fill in the blanks with the correct modal verb:

  1. You must at least get her some flowers. (Strong obligation/insistence)
  2. She might show up at the party if she doesn’t have to work overtime. (Possibility)
  3. He might be here by 6:00. (Uncertainty)
  4. She might be having some internal injuries because of the accident. (Possibility)
  5. You must be joking! (Strong certainty)
  6. Your trip to Europe must have been absolutely fascinating! (Logical conclusion)
  7. You should not worry so much. Your father will be all right. (Advice)
  8. The doctor says that you should use gloves to avoid skin irritations. (Recommendation)
  9. Your shopping at The Mall might cost you a fortune. (Possibility)

Grammar Exercise 2: Prepositions

Choose the correct preposition:

  1. He swore by God that he was innocent. (Swear by = take an oath)
  2. It was a fight between the gods and the demons. (Between for two groups)
  3. They live under the same roof. (Under = beneath/within)
  4. They will do it with pleasure. (With = accompanying feeling)
  5. Divide the food between the two boys. (Between for two individuals)
  6. There is no truth in what she just said. (Truth in = contained within)
  7. She stood leaning against the wall. (Against = touching for support)
  8. She pushed the letter under the door. (Under = beneath)
  9. The boys ran across the road. (Across = from one side to another)
  10. Climb up the tree to get the mangoes. (Up = direction upwards)

Here’s the corrected version with proper articles:

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Fill in the blanks with the suitable articles:

Once upon a time there was an old woman who lived in a little house. She had in her garden a bed of beautiful striped tulips. One night she was awakened by the sounds of sweet singing of birds and the sound of some babies laughing. She looked out of the window. The sounds seemed to come from the tulip bed, but she could see nothing.

The next morning she walked among her flowers, but there were no signs of anyone having been there the night before. On the following night she was again awakened by the same sounds. She rose and stole softly through her garden. The moon was shining brightly on the tulip bed, and the flowers were swaying to and fro. The old woman looked closely and saw, standing by each tulip, a little Fairy mother who was crooning and rocking the flower like a cradle, while in each tulip cup lay a little Fairy baby laughing and playing. The good old woman stole quietly back to her house, and from that time on she never picked a tulip, nor did she allow her neighbors to touch the flowers.

Key Corrections:

  1. Changed “A cradle” to “a cradle” (indefinite article for singular countable noun)
  2. Changed “the tulip” to “a tulip” (indefinite article when referring to any tulip in general)
  3. Changed “Little Fairy baby” to “a little Fairy baby” (added indefinite article)
  4. Maintained “the” for specific references (the window, the tulip bed, the moon, etc.)

The exercise demonstrates proper use of:

  • Definite article “the” for specific nouns
  • Indefinite articles “a/an” for general or first-time mentions
  • Omission of articles with plural and uncountable nouns in general statements
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